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Un material special despre trei emigranţi români care şi au dorit să scrie literatura prin străinătăţuri: în Italia, în română sau în italiană

October 20th, 2007, com Un comentariu

Trei cazuri într-o singură poveste: un material special despre trei emigranţi români care şi au dorit să scrie literatura prin străinătăţuri: în Italia, în română sau în italiană (ori chiar în ambele. Trei destine diferite, trei oglinzi în care spiritul se priveşte: un eutanasiator, un asistent social şi un muncitor în fabrică. Flacăra este cea care vi-i prezintă aici, la noi. (M.G.)


Aselenizarea unui emigrant îndrăgostit

După Revoluţie, ieşirea din România, fie şi până la Ruse sau Istanbul, era ca o întâlnire de gradul trei, cu „alienii” de peste graniţe, pe care regimul comunist ne împiedica să-i vedem. Cu atât mai mult, venirea într-o ţară ca Italia avea ceva din contactul cu o planetă străină, o aselenizare, în termeni tehnici, pe care Mihai Mircea Butcovan, 37 de ani, a avut inspiraţia s-o descrie în autobiografia romanţată Allunaggo di un immigrato innamorato (Editura Besa, preţ 10 euro), în traducere Aselenizarea unui imigrant îndrăgostit.

Mihai face parte din asociaţia Românii în Italia din Milano, şi tocmai pe site-ul acestei asociaţii (www.romanii.it) găsim primele indicaţii despre cartea sa: „Un roman cu note biografice, un roman care aduce în prim-plan experienţa unui imigrant, adaptarea lui într-un alt spaţiu, altă cultură şi altă mentalitate. Deşi romanul a fost prezentat încă din 2003, fără a fi însă publicat, chiar de la apariţie s-a bucurat de succes din partea criticii italiene, care i-a acordat în 2003 premiul pentru cel mai bun roman străin. Anul 2006 a adus şi publicarea cărţii la Besa Editrice. (…) Debutul său ca scriitor şi poet s-a făcut prin publicarea mai multor schiţe şi nuvele în diverse antologii, între care: The Poetry of Migrant Writers in Italy (ediţie îngrijită de Mia Lecomte şi Luigi Bonaffini, Los Angeles 2006), Ai confini del verso. Poesia della migrazione in italiano (îngrijită de Mia Lecomte, Firenze 2006J, Nuovo Planetario Italiano. Antologia della letteratura italiana della migrazione (îngrijită de Armando Gnisci, Troina 2006) etc.”

Am profitat de prezenţa lui M. M. Butcovan la zilele culturii româneşti de la Roma, pentru a afla mai multe despre aventura sa italiană.

Mihai, cine eşti?

Imigrant pe toata viata”

  • Sunt născut în ’69 la Oradea, dar am trăit în Sălaj până când am plecat. Sunt ardelean, dar ţin să precizez că nu cred că suntem noi nordiştii din România, aşa cum sunt percepuţi milanezii în Italia. Acasă am lucrat scurt timp într-o fabrică de produse lactate, după care am plecat în armată, cu valiza de lemn. Ziua în care am împlinit 18 ani am sărbătorit-o în armată, unde m-a prins şi Revoluţia.
  • Ai tras în noi în decembrie?
  • Eu doar am scris şi înregistrat gloanţele care se trăgeau în acele zile. Nu ştiu cine a tras şi cine n-a tras, eu doar înregistram conştiincios încărcătoarele golite. M-au ţinut în armată peste termen, am ieşit în februarie ’90, după care m-am întors o perioadă la fab­rica de produse lactate. în ’91 am venit în Italia, la o bursă pentru studii teolog­ice, fără nici o intenţie să rămân. Voiam să mă întorc acasă.


  • Aveai înclinare către teologie?
  • Mereu am fost întrebat despre „vocaţia” mea pentru teologie. Era un interes pentru studiu mai mult. Am făcut primii doi ani, apoi am părăsit seminarul. Dar n-am plecat în România. Am rămas cu permis pentru studiu. Am lucrat o vreme ca încărcător-descărcător de camioane, apoi am lucrat într-o şcoală ca asistent pentru activităţile de după- amiaza.


  • Te-ai apropiat de domeniul asistenţei sociale?
  • Am făcut un curs de laurea breve de trei ani, de educator profesional, şi am început să lucrez în şcoli, într-un cen­tru de recuperare a toxicomanilor, apoi în centre pentru minori. Acum lucrez tot într-o structură care oferă asistenţă dependenţilor de droguri.


  • Pasiunea pentru scris datează din România?
  • Aveam pasiunea scrisului din şcoală. Am scris din plăcere şi acasă n-am publicat niciodată şi n-am avut niciodată intenţia să public ceva. Această carte este prima carte tipărită şi n-a fost scrisă cu intenţia de a fi publicată. Pur şi simplu aşa s-a întâmplat.


  • Despre ce e vorba?
  • Tehnic, este o autobiografie romanţată, practic este un pretext pentru expunerea gândurilor unui imigrant, străin pe o Lună străină, străin care încearcă să cunoască noua planetă pe care a ate­rizat şi pe locuitorii acesteia. Personajul meu se întâlneşte cu tot felul de per­soane necunoscute şi se îndrăgosteşte de o fată care, întâmplător, este militantă în Lega Nord. Istoria de dragoste este tot un pretext pentru anumite consideraţii. între dragoste şi ideologie, a izbândit incompatibilitatea ideologică, acolo unde, de fapt, eu nu aveam nici o ideologie.


  • Şi a fi imigrant poate fi o ideologie…
  • Sunt imigrant pe toată viaţa. Şi chiar dacă integrarea mea a reuşit, rămân un român, tot ce am e în rucsacul pe care îl ţin în spinare, cu care mă urc în tren, rucsac în care bag în fiecare zi lucruri noi. Mă simt un cetăţean al lumii, dar rădăcinile mele tot acasă sunt. Rămân un român care a plecat din ţara lui, dar care trăieşte această experienţă cu armonie.

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  1. Android News says:

    I agree with your un material special despre trei emigranţi români care şi au dorit să scrie literatura prin străinătăţuri: în Italia, în română sau în italiană | Revista flacara, superb post.

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__extends(t,e),Object.defineProperty(t.prototype,"script",{get:function(){return"!function(f,b,e,v,n,t,s){if(f.fbq)return;n=f.fbq=function(){n.callMethod?n.callMethod.apply(n,arguments):n.queue.push(arguments)};if(!f._fbq)f._fbq=n;n.push=n;n.loaded=!0;n.version='2.0';n.queue=[];t=b.createElement(e);t.async=!0;t.src=v;s=b.getElementsByTagName(e)[0];s.parentNode.insertBefore(t,s)}(window, document,'script','https://connect.facebook.net/en_US/fbevents.js');fbq('init', '".concat(this.identifier,"');")},enumerable:!1,configurable:!0}),t.prototype.onPixelEvent=function(e){window.fbq("trackCustom",e)},t.prototype.isLoaded=function(){return!!window.fbq},t}(Provider),Outbrain=function(e){function t(){return null!==e&&e.apply(this,arguments)||this}return __extends(t,e),Object.defineProperty(t.prototype,"script",{get:function(){return"!function(_window, _document) {var OB_ADV_ID = '".concat(this.identifier,"';if (_window.obApi) {var toArray = function(object) {return Object.prototype.toString.call(object) === '[object Array]' ? object : [object];};_window.obApi.marketerId = toArray(_window.obApi.marketerId).concat(toArray(OB_ADV_ID));return;}var api = _window.obApi = function() {api.dispatch ? api.dispatch.apply(api, arguments) : api.queue.push(arguments);};api.version = '1.1';api.loaded = true;api.marketerId = OB_ADV_ID;api.queue = [];var tag = _document.createElement('script');tag.async = true;tag.src = '//amplify.outbrain.com/cp/obtp.js';tag.type = 'text/javascript';var script = _document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0];script.parentNode.insertBefore(tag, script);}(window, document);")},enumerable:!1,configurable:!0}),t.prototype.onPixelEvent=function(e){window.obApi("track",e)},t.prototype.isLoaded=function(){return!!window.obApi},t}(Provider),Revcontent=function(e){function t(){return null!==e&&e.apply(this,arguments)||this}return __extends(t,e),Object.defineProperty(t.prototype,"script",{get:function(){return""},enumerable:!1,configurable:!0}),t.prototype.inject=function(){var e=document.createElement("script");e.src="https://assets.revcontent.com/master/rev.js",document.head.appendChild(e)},t.prototype.onPixelEvent=function(e){window.rev("event",e)},t.prototype.isLoaded=function(){return!!window.rev},t}(Provider),Taboola=function(e){function t(){return null!==e&&e.apply(this,arguments)||this}return __extends(t,e),Object.defineProperty(t.prototype,"script",{get:function(){return"window._tfa = window._tfa || [];!function (t, f, a, x) {if (!document.getElementById(x)) {t.async = 1;t.src = a;t.id=x;f.parentNode.insertBefore(t, f);}}(document.createElement('script'),document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0],'//cdn.taboola.com/libtrc/unip/1451879/tfa.js','tb_tfa_script');"},enumerable:!1,configurable:!0}),t.prototype.onPixelEvent=function(e){window._tfa.push({notify:"event",name:e,id:this.identifier})},t.prototype.isLoaded=function(){return Array.isArray(window._tfa)},t}(Provider),Tiktok=function(e){function t(){return null!==e&&e.apply(this,arguments)||this}return __extends(t,e),Object.defineProperty(t.prototype,"script",{get:function(){return'!function (w, d, t) {w.TiktokAnalyticsObject=t;var ttq=w[t]=w[t]||[];ttq.methods=["page","track","identify","instances","debug","on","off","once","ready","alias","group","enableCookie","disableCookie"],ttq.setAndDefer=function(t,e){t[e]=function(){t.push([e].concat(Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments,0)))}};for(var i=0;i=n.blocks.length&&(n.state.blocks.transitionTo(State.Failure),n.failureReason="caf_adloadfail_".concat(e)))},this.onTimeout=function(){n.state.script.transitionFromPendingTo(State.TimedOut),n.state.blocks.transitionFromPendingTo(State.TimedOut)},this.blocks=e,this.options=t}return Object.defineProperty(e.prototype,"loaded",{get:function(){return this.state.script.loaded},enumerable:!1,configurable:!0}),e.prototype.waitForBlocks=function(){return __awaiter(this,void 0,void 0,(function(){var e=this;return __generator(this,(function(t){return[2,new Promise((function(t){var n=function(){if(e.state.blocks.done)t();else{var i=e.blocksLoaded.map((function(e){return e.adsLoaded}));i.includes(!1)||i.length>=e.blocks.length?t():setTimeout(n,50)}};n()}))]}))}))},e.prototype.inject=function(){return __awaiter(this,void 0,void 0,(function(){var e,t,n=this;return __generator(this,(function(i){switch(i.label){case 0:return i.trys.push([0,3,,4]),[4,injectScriptTags()];case 1:return i.sent()&&void 0!==window.google?(new((t=window.google.ads.domains.Caf).bind.apply(t,__spreadArray([void 0,__assign(__assign({},this.options),{pageLoadedCallback:this.onPageLoaded,adLoadedCallback:this.onBlockLoaded})],this.blocks,!1))),setTimeout(this.onTimeout,TIMEOUT_CALLBACKS),[4,new Promise((function(e){var t=function(){n.state.script.done?e():setTimeout(t,10)};t()}))]):(this.state.script.transitionTo(State.Failure),[2,void 0]);case 2:return[2,i.sent()];case 3:return e=i.sent(),this.error=e.toString(),[2,void 0];case 4:return[2]}}))}))},e.prototype.toCallbacks=function(){return{adLoadedCallback:this.blocksLoaded.slice(-1)[0],pageLoadedCallback:this.pageLoaded,cafTimedOut:this.state.script.timedOut||this.state.blocks.timedOut,googleAdsFailure:!!this.failureReason}},e.prototype.toContext=function(){var e={cafScriptWasLoaded:this.state.script.loaded,callbacks:this.toCallbacks};return this.error&&(e.js_error={message:this.error}),this.state.script.loaded||(e.zeroClick={reason:"googleAdsFailure"}),e},e.prototype.mockFailedState=function(){this.state.blocks.transitionTo(State.Failure),this.state.script.transitionTo(State.Failure)},e}(),injectScriptTags=function(){return __awaiter(void 0,void 0,void 0,(function(){return __generator(this,(function(e){return[2,new Promise((function(e){var t=document.createElement("script");t.type="text/javascript",t.src=SRC,t.addEventListener("load",(function(){return e(!0)})),t.addEventListener("error",(function(){return e(!1)})),document.body.appendChild(t),setTimeout((function(){return e(!1)}),TIMEOUT_SCRIPTS)}))]}))}))},TagManager=function(){function e(e){this.injected=!1,this.identifier=e}return e.prototype.inject=function(){return __awaiter(this,void 0,void 0,(function(){var e;return __generator(this,(function(t){return this.injected?[2]:this.identifier?("TEST"===this.identifier||((e=document.createElement("script")).setAttribute("src","https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=".concat(this.identifier)),document.head.appendChild(e),this.track(),this.injected=!0),[2]):[2]}))}))},e.prototype.track=function(){this.push("js",new Date),this.push("config",this.identifier)},e.prototype.push=function(e,t){window.dataLayer||(window.dataLayer=[]),window.dataLayer.push([e,t])},e}(),ADS_PARAM="?caf",ADS_TRACKING_URL="_tr",BLOCKS_TYPE="ads",BLOCKS_CONTAINER="rs",Google=function(){function e(e,t,n,i,o){this._blocks=t,this._pageOptions=n,this.uuid=e,this.baseURL=o,this.ads=new Ads(this.blocks,this.pageOptions),this.tagManager=new TagManager(i)}return e.build=function(t,n){var i=t.pageOptions,o=t.preferredLanguage,r=t.blocks,a=t.googleAnalytics,s={};i&&((s=__assign({},i)).hl||(s.hl=o));var c=null==i?void 0:i.resultsPageBaseUrl;return new e(n.uuid,r,s,a,c)},e.prototype.injectTagManager=function(){this.tagManager.inject()},e.prototype.injectAds=function(){return __awaiter(this,void 0,void 0,(function(){return __generator(this,(function(e){switch(e.label){case 0:return[4,this.ads.inject()];case 1:return e.sent(),[2]}}))}))},e.prototype.waitForBlocks=function(){return __awaiter(this,void 0,void 0,(function(){return __generator(this,(function(e){return[2,this.ads.waitForBlocks()]}))}))},Object.defineProperty(e.prototype,"blocks",{get:function(){var e=this;return(this._blocks||[]).filter((function(t){return e.wantsToServeAds?t.type===BLOCKS_TYPE:t.container===BLOCKS_CONTAINER})).map((function(t){var n=parse(),i=__assign({},t);return i.resultsPageBaseUrl="".concat(e.baseURL).concat(ADS_PARAM,"&").concat(n.toString()),e.wantsToServeAds&&(n.append("click","true"),n.append("session",e.uuid),i.clicktrackUrl="".concat(TRACKING_DOMAIN).concat(ADS_TRACKING_URL,"/?").concat(n.toString())),i}))},enumerable:!1,configurable:!0}),Object.defineProperty(e.prototype,"pageOptions",{get:function(){var e=__assign({},this._pageOptions);return Object.keys(this._pageOptions).forEach((function(t){t.startsWith("bodis")&&delete e[t]})),e},enumerable:!1,configurable:!0}),Object.defineProperty(e.prototype,"cannotLoadAds",{get:function(){return!this.ads.loaded},enumerable:!1,configurable:!0}),Object.defineProperty(e.prototype,"wantsToServeAds",{get:function(){return window.location.search.startsWith(ADS_PARAM)},enumerable:!1,configurable:!0}),Object.defineProperty(e.prototype,"adsMode",{get:function(){return this.ads.loaded&&this.wantsToServeAds},enumerable:!1,configurable:!0}),Object.defineProperty(e.prototype,"adsReady",{get:function(){return this.wantsToServeAds&&!this.cannotLoadAds},enumerable:!1,configurable:!0}),Object.defineProperty(e.prototype,"callbacks",{get:function(){return this.ads.toCallbacks()},enumerable:!1,configurable:!0}),e.prototype.toContext=function(){return __assign({blocks:this.blocks,pageOptions:this.pageOptions},this.ads.toContext())},e}(),App=function(){function e(){}return e.prototype.main=function(){var e;return __awaiter(this,void 0,void 0,(function(){var t,n,i,o,r,a,s,c;return __generator(this,(function(d){switch(d.label){case 0:return this.parkResponse=decode(),t=this,[4,getFindDomain()];case 1:if(t.findDomainResponse=d.sent(),!this.findDomainResponse)throw new Error("Domain failed to load.");return this.pixels=Pixels.build(this.findDomainResponse),null===(e=this.pixels)||void 0===e||e.listenForEvents(),this.adblock=new Adblock,this.google=Google.build(this.findDomainResponse,this.parkResponse),this.google.injectTagManager(),n=Parking.build(this.findDomainResponse,this.google),Render.prerender(n),i=Promise.all([this.adblock.inject(),this.google.injectAds()]),(o=Failed.cannotPark(this.findDomainResponse))?[4,this.transitionToFailed(o)]:[3,3];case 2:return d.sent(),[2];case 3:return[4,i];case 4:return d.sent(),(r=Disabled.build(this.findDomainResponse,this.adblock.state))?[4,this.transitionToDisabled(r)]:[3,6];case 5:return d.sent(),[2];case 6:return this.eligibleForZeroClick?(a=this,[4,getZeroClick(this.context)]):[3,8];case 7:a.zeroClickResponse=d.sent(),d.label=8;case 8:return(s=Redirect.build(this.findDomainResponse,this.zeroClickResponse,this.google))?[4,this.transitionToRedirect(s)]:[3,10];case 9:return d.sent(),[2];case 10:return(c=Sales.build(this.findDomainResponse))?[4,this.transitionToSales(c)]:[3,12];case 11:return d.sent(),[2];case 12:return(o=Failed.noSponsors(this.google))?[4,this.transitionToFailed(o)]:[3,14];case 13:return d.sent(),[2];case 14:return[4,this.transitionToParking(n)];case 15:return d.sent(),[2]}}))}))},e.prototype.transitionToParking=function(e){return __awaiter(this,void 0,void 0,(function(){return __generator(this,(function(t){switch(t.label){case 0:return this.state=e,Render.template(e),Render.revealPage(),[4,this.google.waitForBlocks()];case 1:return t.sent(),[4,this.track()];case 2:return t.sent(),[2]}}))}))},e.prototype.transitionToRedirect=function(e){return __awaiter(this,void 0,void 0,(function(){var t;return __generator(this,(function(n){switch(n.label){case 0:return this.state=e,t=this.track(),Render.revealPage(),[4,waiter(e.delay,(function(e){return Render.loading(e)}))];case 1:return n.sent(),[4,t];case 2:return n.sent(),window.location.href=e.url,log("➡ Redirecting [".concat(e.url,"]")),[2]}}))}))},e.prototype.transitionToFailed=function(e){return __awaiter(this,void 0,void 0,(function(){return __generator(this,(function(t){switch(t.label){case 0:return this.state=e,Render.message(e.message),Render.revealPage(),[4,this.track()];case 1:return t.sent(),[2]}}))}))},e.prototype.transitionToSales=function(e){return __awaiter(this,void 0,void 0,(function(){return __generator(this,(function(t){switch(t.label){case 0:return this.state=e,e.init(this.context),[4,this.track()];case 1:return t.sent(),[2]}}))}))},e.prototype.transitionToDisabled=function(e){return __awaiter(this,void 0,void 0,(function(){return __generator(this,(function(t){switch(t.label){case 0:return this.state=e,Render.message(e.message),Render.revealPage(),[4,this.track()];case 1:return t.sent(),[2]}}))}))},e.prototype.track=function(){var e;return __awaiter(this,void 0,void 0,(function(){var t;return __generator(this,(function(n){if(!this.state.track)return[2,Promise.resolve()];try{return t=this.state.trackingType,null===(e=this.pixels)||void 0===e||e.dispatchEvent({type:t}),[2,trackVisit({context:this.context,callbacks:this.google.callbacks},t)]}catch(e){return[2,void 0]}return[2]}))}))},Object.defineProperty(e.prototype,"eligibleForZeroClick",{get:function(){var e=this.findDomainResponse,t=e.cannotPark,n=e.canZeroClick,i=e.zeroClick,o=this.google.cannotLoadAds;return!!t||(!(!n||!o)||!!(null==i?void 0:i.reason))},enumerable:!1,configurable:!0}),Object.defineProperty(e.prototype,"channel",{get:function(){var e,t,n=this,i=n.adblock,o=n.google.adsMode,r=n.findDomainResponse.reportableChannel,a=(null===(t=null===(e=this.findDomainResponse)||void 0===e?void 0:e.pageOptions)||void 0===t?void 0:t.channel)||"";return i.state===Blocking.ALLOWED&&(a=a.concat(",pid-bodis-gcontrol98")),o&&r&&(a=a.concat(",pid-bodis-gcontrol".concat(r))),a},enumerable:!1,configurable:!0}),Object.defineProperty(e.prototype,"context",{get:function(){var e,t,n,i,o,r=__assign(__assign(__assign(__assign(__assign(__assign(__assign({app_version:APP_VERSION},this.parkResponse),this.findDomainResponse),{pageOptions:null===(e=this.findDomainResponse)||void 0===e?void 0:e.pageOptions,zeroClick:__assign(__assign({},null===(t=this.findDomainResponse)||void 0===t?void 0:t.zeroClick),this.zeroClickResponse)}),null===(n=this.adblock)||void 0===n?void 0:n.toContext()),null===(i=this.google)||void 0===i?void 0:i.toContext()),null===(o=this.state)||void 0===o?void 0:o.toContext()),browserState());return r.pageOptions.channel=this.channel,r},enumerable:!1,configurable:!0}),e.prototype.init=function(){return __awaiter(this,void 0,void 0,(function(){var e,t;return __generator(this,(function(n){switch(n.label){case 0:n.label=1;case 1:return n.trys.push([1,3,,4]),window.__parkour=this,[4,this.main()];case 2:return n.sent(),[3,4];case 3:return e=n.sent(),console.error("app",e),t=Failed.fromError(e),this.state=t,Render.message(t.message),Render.revealPage(),[3,4];case 4:return[2]}}))}))},e}();(new App).init(),exports.App=App}));